Website Management

 

Website Management

 

Websites

 

Server Organization

Introduction

The World Wide Web has gained popularity because of its inherent capability to integrate variety of networked information systems together. Through this integration, information is available to the users in many different formats and from many different sources. For planning the web site one needs to consider various aspects. The foremost thing to be considered is the type of services the web site is going to provide. Once decision is made about the services to be provided the web administrators need to set up the server accordingly and provide necessary client programs.

Web servers contain large number of files in different formats. Understanding of different file formats and organizing them in a logical form is essential for the successful implementation of any web site. Apart from the web sites own information, sometimes links are provided to the other web sites. It is essential to keep track of those sites and check the links regularly.

To optimize the working of the server, it is essential to have regular system maintenance and monitor the performance of the server and the network connection.

Structure of Services

All Internet servers provide some communication protocols (services) such as electronic mail, file transfer or WWW using the HTTP protocol. Most of these services are bi-directional, they can be used by the local user going out over the network or remote user coming into the local computer. It is not necessary that all these services may be required by an organization’s web site. Depending on the requirement the organization, the web site may provide some of the services discussed below.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

FTP is the Internet service that allows transferring files from one computer to another. It uses the client/server system for the purpose. When files are copied from remote computers to your own machine it is known as downloading and when it is transferred from your machine to the remote one it is known as uploading. In FTP terminology your computer is the ‘local host’ and the other computer to which you connect is the ‘remote host’. FTP allows transferring files regardless of the types of computers connecting them or the operating systems being used. Though FTP commands vary in different operating systems, the basic structure is the same. Files can be in different formats in different platforms, but the FTP helps in handling these variations.

You can allow your users to access to your system either by logging into FTP using a user ID or the login anonymous. Anonymous FTP is a facility that lets you connect to certain remote hosts and download files without having to be registered as a user. With this user name you do not need a regular password. Instead you have to type your e-mail address. Using the anonymous FTP is the safest way to grant access to an FTP service because it helps in restricting the anonymous users’ access to your file system. Often if an organization has a firewall, employees cannot use FTP to connect directly to a remote machine. They must first login to the organizations server and FTP from there. The server provides the gateway to the Internet.

There are two different types of FTP clients. One type of programs are those which are exclusively meant to act as FTP clients and nothing else. The other type is the one, which is basically meant for some specific purpose but can also act as FTP clients. Web browsers for instance are designed to serve the web clients but can also act as FTP clients. Web browsers provide links to FTP for the purpose of downloading files.

There are two ways to access FTP resources through the web browsers. One way is to access it through links on a web page. When you click a link, the browser will automatically contact the FTP site, then you can login as anonymous user, send the e-mail address as a password and request for the file. On clicking the link the browser acts as a FTP client to contact the specified computer in order to download files on your behalf. The other alternative way is to request for the remote site directly by entering the URL address. By giving the URL the browser directly connects to the remote FTP host and downloads the recipe for the required file.

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